Pediatric surgery is a specialized branch of surgery that focuses on the surgical treatment of diseases, disorders, and conditions affecting fetuses, infants, children, and adolescents. Unlike adult surgery, paediatric surgery requires a deep understanding of the unique anatomical, physiological, and psychological differences in children, as well as how these factors affect surgical care, healing, and long-term outcomes.

Pediatric surgeons are trained not only to perform operations but also to diagnose surgical conditions in children, manage preoperative and postoperative care, and collaborate with paediatricians and other specialists. They often deal with congenital anomalies, trauma, tumors, and conditions specific to the growing child.