Normal delivery, also known as spontaneous vaginal delivery, is the natural process through which a baby is born through the mother’s birth canal without surgical intervention. It typically occurs between 37 and 42 weeks of pregnancy. The process is divided into three stages: the first stage involves the onset of regular uterine contractions leading to the gradual thinning and opening of the cervix until it reaches full dilation (10 cm). During the second stage

the mother actively pushes as the baby moves down through the pelvis and is delivered. The third stage involves the separation and expulsion of the placenta from the uterus. Normal delivery requires a healthy mother and fetus, proper fetal positioning (usually head-first), and an adequately sized pelvis. Throughout labor, both maternal and fetal well-being are closely monitored.