A high-risk pregnancy is one in which the health or life of the mother, fetus, or both is at greater risk than usual. This may result from pre-existing medical conditions, complications that arise during pregnancy, or external factors like age or lifestyle.

Menstrual disorders may result from hormonal imbalances, structural abnormalities of the reproductive tract, systemic diseases, or lifestyle factors. They can cause symptoms like irregular periods, heavy bleeding, painful menstruation, or absence of menstruation, which may impact fertility and quality of life.